Pdf in this study, we investigated students understanding of concepts related to the microscopic model. This video is a remake of a really old video i made for a science class when i was a junior in high school. The molecular model uses this idea that all materials are made up of atoms that behave rather like tiny spheres. Imparts the similarities and differences between ratified and condensed matter, classical and quantum systems as well as real and ideal gases. Explain each of the following observations using the kinetic. Mar 03, 20 the kinetic molecular theory and the nature of gasesthe kinetic molecular theory applies only to ideal gases. Kinetic molecular theory particle nature in this video a solid, a liquid and a gas are demonstrated in animation form using the kinetic molecular theory, in terms of particles of matter. Feb 10, 2010 7 the kinetic molecular theory primary describes gases this theory contains five basic statements about gases molecules and helps us to better understand the behavior of gases 8. Pdf evaluating students understanding of kinetic particle theory.
Introduction to thermodynamics and kinetic theory of matter. Chapman and cowling, the mathematical theory of nonuniform. List the five assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory of gases. All particles have energy, and the energy varies depending on the temperature the sample of matter is in, which determines if the substance is a solid, liquid, or gas. As the amount of motion of an object increases, kinetic energy also increases. Kinetic theory is the theory that matter is made up of atoms, and that these atoms are always in motion. Introduction to kinetic molecular theory, feb 19 20. Gases consist of a large number of atoms or molecules that are generally identical in shape and size and are spaced very far apart. The molecular theory contains five general postulates a thing suggested or assumed as true as the basis for reasoning, discussion, or belief. Development of the kinetic molecular theory of gases concept. This theory is also called the kineticmolecular theory of matter and the kinetic theory of gases. These concern the discovery of an exact kinetic equation and a related exact htheorem both holding. The kineticmolecular theory kmt is a theory of ideal gases. The kinetic molecular theory of matter main ideas the kinetic molecular theory explains the constant motion of gas particles.
Matter is made up of particles that are constantly moving. Kinetic molecular theory is useful in describing the properties of solids, liquids and gases at the molecular level. It is important to realise that what we will go on to describe is only a theory. Oct 19, 2006 the kinetic molecular theory makes the following assumptions that are. The kinetic molecular theory is a set of statements that describe the behavior of gases gases are made up of a large number of small particles these particles are in constant random motion the speed kinetic energy that these particles travel at is directly related to their temperature the particles collide with each other and the walls. From the kinetic theory, it is known that the pressure exerted by gas molecules on the walls of the container depends on. The kinetic molecular theory of matter by the end of the lesson you will be able to.
The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is directly proportional to absolute temperature only. In which of the changes of state will heat energy be absorbed. An application of the theory is that it helps to explain why matter exists in different phases solid, liquid, and gas and how matter can change from one phase to the next. Study 35 terms kineticmolecular theorystates of matter. Understand about states of matter, and kinetic theory of matter.
The kinetic molecular theory of matter linkedin slideshare. Kinetic molecular theory of matter boundless chemistry. A similar model can be applied to liquids, but it must take into account the nonzero volumes of particles and the presence of strong intermolecular attractive forces. Because most of the volume occupied by a gas is empty space, a gas has a low density and can expand or contract under the appropriate influence. Kinetic theory of matter and how kinetic energy relates to the state of matter. The kinetic molecular theory of gases described in chapter 10 gases gives a reasonably accurate description of the behavior of gases. The kinetic theory of matter helps us to explain why matter exists in different phases i. Kinetic theory explains the behaviour of gases based on the idea that the gas consists of rapidly moving atoms or molecules. Real gases do not behave according to the kinetic molecular theory. The actual atomic theory got established more than 150 years later. Kinetic molecular theory also known as particle theory states that all matter is made up particles and these particles are always in motion. We will describe these by their general motion and amounts of kinetic energy as follows.
The kinetic theory of matter also helps us to understand other properties of matter. The kinetic molecular theory of matter introduction to. State the kinetic molecular theory of matter, and describe how it explains certain properties of matter. This theory is based on three theories about matter. Kinetic molecular theory of matter flashcards quizlet. Kinetic molecular theory of gases introductory chemistry. Kinetic theory and states of matter kinetic molecular theory kinetic energy is energy that an object has because of its motion. The kinetic molecular theory of gases describes this state of matter as composed of tiny particles in constant motion with a lot of distance between the particles. The kinetic molecular theory states of matter and the.
Modern refrigeration is a practical application of the kinetic molecular thoery. The kinetic theory of gases is a scientific model that explains the physical behavior of a gas as the motion of the molecular particles that compose the gas. All particles have energy, but the energy varies depending on the temperature the sample of matter is in. Start studying kineticmolecular theorystates of matter. In this lesson we use the kinetic molecular theory to consider properties of three states. Although ideal gases do not actually exist, many gases behave nearly ideally if pressure is not very high or temperature is not very low. In fact, this supposition that atoms make up all matter is important to our understanding of what thermodynamics is all about. In this live grade 10 physical sciences show we look at states of matter and the kinetic molecular theory.
Kinetic molecular theory intensely outlines the molecular behavior of a gas. Highlights are presented regarding recent developments of the kinetic theory of granular matter. Explain why matter exists in different states by using the kineticmolecular theory. The diagram shows the arrangement of particles in different states of matter. Theory explains the forces between molecules and the energy that they possess. The kineticmolecular theory the basic assumptions of kineticmolecular theory are. What are the applications of the kinetic molecular theory. The molecular theory shows how individual particles interact with one another. Much of section 2 of these notes follows the path laid down in the these books. Feb, 2014 in this live grade 10 physical sciences show we look at states of matter and the kinetic molecular theory. Postulate 1 zgases consist of discrete molecules that are relatively far apart. Once again, the postulates of kinetic molecular theory, in shortened form matter be molecules. The kinetic molecular theory explains the physical properties of gases. In other words, the particles of matter have kinetic energy.
All matter is made up of tiny, invisible, moving particles. All particles have energy, and the energy varies depending on the temperature the. Reif ends with a much wider ranging discussion of kinetic theory, transport and stochastic processes. This is possible as the interatomic forces, which are short range forces that are important for solids and liquids, can be neglected for gases. The kinetic theory of matter states that the matter is made up of tiny particles that move all the time. The kinetic molecular theory of matter offers a description of the microscopic properties of atoms or molecules and their interactions, leading to observable macroscopic properties such as pressure, volume, temperature. The kinetic molecular theory of matter states that. Matter is composed of small particles atoms, molecules, and. The kinetic molecular theory of matter explains how matter can change among the phases of solid, liquid, and gas. Matter is composed of small particles atoms, molecules, and ions. The kinetic molecular theory explains the forces between molecules and the energy that they possess. The theory accounts for the physical properties of gases. Back then, i thought i could do 3d even though i was terrible. Kinetic molecular theory can be used to explain both charles and boyles laws.
Know that atoms are the smallest particle that can exist on its own. When freon gas is compressed, the walls moving inward or piston adds kinetic energy to the molecules which in turn causes the gas to increase in temperature. Kinetic molecular theory kmt the idea that particles of matter are always in motion and that this motion has consequences. Both huang and kardar treat kinetic theory and the boltzmann equation before they move onto statistical mechanics. The kinetic molecular theory kmt is a model used to explain the behavior of matter. Kinetic molecular theory read chemistry ck12 foundation. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Evaluating students understanding of kinetic particle theory concepts relating to the states of matter, changes of state and diffusion.
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